Public Service Broadcasting and the Unique Way by which the BBC Essay

Open Service Broadcasting and the Unique Way by which the BBC Funding Impact - Essay Example For the most part, news coverage alludes to the study of social affair and breaking down data that produces an essentialness from the general population (Hodkison, 2011:39). The BBC Company remains as the pioneer of open help broadcasting frameworks on the planet. Different nations frameworks gain aptitude and information from the investigation of the service’s past and its advancement to its present sculpture. This paper tries to look at the utilization of news coverage and broad communications in the open help broadcasting frameworks, and the current methods used to support and reserve the significant foundations. In this paper, much spotlight is on the BBC broadcasting administration, and the general lead of its tasks. The current sort of news coverage has various outcomes. These incorporate the announcing of general news, governmental issues, donning, wrongdoing, meetings, and financial aspects. News-casting utilizes various roads of correspondence, contingent upon the sta ge being used (THE BBC TRUST CONCLUSIONS, 2008:16). These incorporate oral, composed, or a blend of the two types of correspondence. This is an unsafe calling. This is on the grounds that the vocation includes chipping away at recently happened occasions. This is on the grounds that the general population is typically increasingly slanted to data with respect to later or as of now breaking news in regards to different issues, people, locales, or characteristic happenings. Thusly, a person who is associated with the business must have different extraordinary characteristics. These incorporate being receptive, wise, non-divided, and prepared to adjust in fluctuating circumstances. What's more, he/she needs to control his feelings suitably, in the event that he is required to account on deplorable circumstances or catastrophes while on spot (Cobley, 2010:59). The profession likewise offers liberal advantages, incorporating meeting with celebrated people. By the by, these advantages don 't come free. A columnist should consistently have the option to think straight and concentrate insightfully, even in threatening conditions. This is a significant necessity in the event that one can convey viably on the current task. Be that as it may, similarly as with every single other calling, this profession has additionally drawn overwhelming analysis from the general population. Pundits guarantee that this calling is a one of a kind one since it the people included acquire their living through instructing general society about data and issues that they by and by think nothing about (Hodkison, 2011:84). The most famous and best type of news coverage occurs through broad communications. The lead of news coverage through broad communications has been intensely affected by the fast improvement of advanced skill. Broad communications alludes to any road whose intention is to pass on mass report. It alludes to the way toward passing on a message from one source to a similarly grea ter crowd through passing on machines or instruments. For a very long time, constituents of broad communications included magazines, TV, books, accounts, papers, films, and the web (Branston, 2006:78). The continued blast in the field of advanced correspondence information and method has attracted intense contentions regarding whether to include video, PC games, and mobile phones to the gathering of broad communications constituents. As of late, there has been proof of promoters and advertisers plotting to abuse the utilization of satellites to

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 23

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Human Resource Management Integrative dealing then again is utilized whereby the gatherings need to keep up connections for future commitment and where participation guarantees a success win circumstance for parties included (Phillips and Gully, 2013). For this situation, there are common issues to be investigated and it includes growing the pie by searching for options that can profit the two gatherings. Notwithstanding, it requires a level of trust and genuineness for the exchanges to be effective. The methodology includes concentrating on the interests of the gatherings concerned instead of adhering to starting positions, division of individuals from the issue and utilization of target standards. Because of the idea of the exchanges, it is hard to change from distributive to integrative bartering. These methodologies fluctuate with respect to what is in question, the results conceivable and thoughts of accomplishment (Bamber et al. 2010). Association arbitrators must get endorsement from individuals to a lot of haggling requests henceforth making it hard for them to embrace a community oriented methodology. Their point is to get greatest portion of assets accessible particularly on pay, subsequently they should win or, more than likely the workers will see them as swindlers seeking after personal responsibility. Moreover, more wages implies a misfortune to managers thus it is hard to participate on this issue since the asset is fixed. Then again, the lower the executives may likewise see the upper administration as being undermined by the association thus doubt (Phillips and Gully, 2013, p. 431).

To what Extent was Imperial Germany the Main Reason for the Outbreak Literature review

Whatever Extent was Imperial Germany the Main Reason for the Outbreak of WWI - Literature audit Example Austria-Hungary reported war on Russia as France and Great Britain proclaimed war on Austria-Hungary six days after the fact. Students of history and academicians comprehend the roots of the First World War, or â€Å"the Great War† as it is known, as unpredictable, extraordinary and complex. This review presents a writing audit on the reasons for World War 1 and especially Imperial Germany’s job in it. The size of the war was tremendous as European forces expanded their military spending by over 300% during the war. Generally speaking, thirty-two countries partook in the war, twenty-eight of which were Allied and Associated Powers, whose essential belligerents were the British Empire, France, Italy, Russia, Serbia, and the United States of America. The Central Powers contradicting them were Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire. 2. Reasons for World War I One of the underlying works concerning the reasons for war, the summed up revisionist history, â€Å"Origins of World War I†, by Sidney Bradshaw Fay talks about the Immediate and Underlying Causes of the war (Fay, 1966). Fay proposes five key purposes for World War 1: the arrangement of mystery coalitions, militarism, patriotism, financial colonialism and the paper press. Different academicians (Weikart, 1993) have additionally added social Darwinism to one of the hidden reasons for War. Researchers, be that as it may, give distinctive weightages to various causes, in light of the significance they place on every one of the above elements. Creator S.R. Williamson takes on a realist point of view by accentuating that, in the period promptly paving the way to World War I, there was a â€Å"militarization of attitudes† all over Europe (Samuel R. Williamson, 1988). â€Å"Militarism† and â€Å"imperialism† were key persuading powers in lion's share of the European nations to assault one another. Williamson, in his examination, anyway singles out Austria -Hungry as the distruptive power among every single other country. The Austria-Hungry Empire was on a skirt of deterioration and henceforth was setting up a realiatory assault on Serbia for the assasination of the archduke. Antiquarian N. Ferguson, in his book, The Pity of War, explains further on the â€Å"Imperialistic virtues† of Europe, and that every single European force were planning for the war inside the limits of their realms. A maritime weapons contest was picking up energy among Germany and Britain and the two nations needed to exhibit their quality as world’s most prominent supreme forces (Ferguson, 1999). Every European nation was additionally confronting fears and dangers to their reality and to their extension plans. The Austrians feared the breakdown of their multi-racial Empire on the off chance that they didn't challenge the threat of Serb patriotism and Panslavism. The Germans dreaded the fall of their nearest and just dependable partner, Austria th at thus would have debilitated their position in Europe. The Russians were undermined of a humilating destruction to Austria and their inability to ensure Slavs. The French felt the danger of their German neighbors as Germany expanded its strength in populace, economy and military quality. France's essential guard against the danger of German attack was its coalition with Russia. This it was basic to secure. The British were defenseless also, as their worldwide realm was presented to antagonistic powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary with current naval force and war

Consumer behaviour Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Buyer conduct - Assignment Example Consistent with John’s case, he had a requirement for supplanting the TV he had lost because of robbery. He got a protection pay, and this; in this manner, put him at the purpose of need to discover another TV. Mr John clarifies that he was unable to envision remaining any more extended in that condition of weariness without getting a TV set, and this provoked him to consider how to catch one. Need acknowledgment involves distinguishing the need, which the person needs to fulfill. This denotes the start of the purchasing procedure. Eminently, the distinguishing proof of the need is the establishment of the purchasing procedure, since the client needs to fulfill a current need. For this situation, the longing to watch films or TV programs was the procedure of the need acknowledgment that prompted the distinguishing proof of T.V as the main thing that would fulfill the need to watch motion pictures and programs and decrease fatigue. Eminently, need acknowledgment is the most hug e phase of the purchasing procedure on the grounds that without a need there is no buy. The subsequent advance includes the quest for pertinent data on the item distinguished that can fulfill the need. For this situation, the client glances around to recognize the best item that would fulfill the need (Singh, 2007). Quite, the client looks for the best item in the market that would tackle their concern. For this situation, the quest for applicable data would include a quest for data on TV sets from unmistakable makers in the market. Most clients scan for data through companions, family members, adverts, the web and indexes and different booklets (Armstrong, 2009). In his reaction on whether he scanned for different items before choosing Sony T.V, he recognized that he perused the web looking for changed models and brands. He gave the purpose behind this as the way that he would not like to purchase a similar model he had lost to robbery since its extra parts were not promptly accessible at the nearby electronic shops.

Communication Studies Reflection Free Essays

Correspondence Studies Reflection â€Å"It Shouldn’t Hurt To Be A Child† The scene happens in a doctor’s office. David and Sarah Thompson have gotten their 10-year-old child Michael due to a lower leg sprain. As the specialist goes into the room, Michael is perched on the assessment table in shorts and a T-shirt with an uncovered right foot and lower leg. We will compose a custom paper test on Correspondence Studies Reflection or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Mr. also, Mrs. Thompson are sitting in seats near him. Specialist: So, you are Michael. I am Dr. Gupta. Ideal to meet you Michael. [shakes Michael’s hand] How are you doing today? Michael: Okay. Specialist: [turning to Mr. also, Mrs. Thompson] And are you Michael’s guardians, Mr. what's more, Mrs. Thompson? Ideal to meet you. [extends hand to shake] Mrs. Thompson: Nice to meet you too. [shakes hands with doctor] Mr. Thompson: Charmed I’m sure [shakes hands with doctor] Doctor: Ok.. [turning back to Michael] So what acquires you today, Michael? Michael: I hurt my lower leg. Specialist: How did this occur? Michael: I was skateboarding and, I don’t know [pauses and glances over to his parents] I surmise I just slipped or something? Specialist: When did this hap†¦.? [Mrs. Thompson intrudes] Mrs. Thompson: He did it around three days back however the previous evening I saw he was all the while limping and I figured I should get him. I don’t think it’s broken, isn't that right? Specialist: Well, let me investigate first. [begins to inspect ankle] I’m simply going to investigate your foot. Is that sore? Michael: Ouch! Indeed it harms! Mr. Thompson: Stop being ah fool a leh de docta check yuh foot fuh meh please! Mrs. Thompson: [at Mr. Thompson] Oh gosh.. yuh doh hadda converse with him so.. [Mr. Thompson eyebrows scowl together] Mr. Thompson: I ask yuh anything! [Mrs. Thompson remains quiet] Doctor: That’s OK. Let me simply do one more thing. I’m going to raise your foot. [raises ankle] Michael: Owwww! Mr. Thompson: MICHAEL! Act yuh self kid! squeezes Michael on the arm] How much occasions I hadda talk tuh yuh. [Michael starts to cry] Doctor: [looks at Mr. Thompson in disgust] It’s alright, Michael.. [notices wound in proximal fibular area] What occurred here? Michael: I don’t know [pauses] I surmise I fell some other time. Mr. Thompson: He’s an extremely awk ward child. I continue berating him to remain that skateboard, yet he just doesn’t tune in. Specialist: [scanning both of Michael’s legs, stopping by left femur] And here? Another fall? Michael: Yeah, sure†¦ Mr. Thompson: I let you know, he’s cumbersome, however would you be able to please return to his lower leg? Specialist: [continuing to look at Michael’s arms] Michael, would you be able to take your shirt off for me please? Mr. Thompson: [getting a piece edgy] Doctor, we came in for his lower leg. Might you be able to please return to his lower leg? Michael removes his shirt at the Doctor’s request. Specialist: [examines Michael, delaying more than a few spots on arms and back] Michael, you have a ton of wounds. Some are more established than others. What’s been going on? Mr. Thompson: [getting more agitated] Steups, Doctor I rel eh comprehend wah is de reason for dis non-sense. I payin my cash fuh you to check he foot we could return to his lower leg please. Specialist: I have a few concerns. Michael has a great deal of wounds and some of them appear to have happened at various occasions. At the point when we see that in a youngster we stress that maybe the wounds were not all unplanned. Mr. Thompson: [rolls eyes] So wah yuh gettin at? Specialist: I’m not getting at anything. I am trying to say that for Michael’s wellbeing, we have to check a couple of things past his lower leg. Hence, I will have one of our social laborers come and converse with you, your better half and Michael. Mr. Thompson: [getting more upset] I rel nuh in de disposition fuh dis, yu eh have de right tuh do dat. Specialist: Actually, I do have the right. It’s the law. The fundamental explanation I’m doing it is to be certain that Michael is sheltered at home and I’m sure that is the thing that you need, as well. Bringing up children can be exceptionally intense, here and there we would all be able to utilize a little assistance. Mr. Thompson: look! docta wah drivel yu tellin mi session help and how tuh bring up mi child, I seem as though I need any assistance? In the event that he solidify I go beat a few habits in tuh he. I is ah huge man nobodi gwine tell mi wah and wah nuh tuh do, suck salt eh! I gwine from here! Mr. Thompson storms out the workplace Doctor: [shouts] Mr. Thompson where are you going? [Looks at Mrs. Thompson as she blasts into tears] Mrs. Thompson: [crying] Doctor please help me! Scene blurs Step by step instructions to refer to Communication Studies Reflection, Essay models

MIT Regular Action Deadline

MIT Regular Action Deadline With the deadline approaching and the Office of Admissions closed for the holidays, Ill try to field some questions here. Please remember that January 1 is the submission deadline for students applying for regular action admission to MIT. This means that you should you should click the final submit button of your online application on or before January 1. If you are applying on paper, have the Post Office postmark and mail your materials on or before January 1. However, I strongly discourage procrastination. The closer you send in your application to the deadline, the longer it will take our records office to process and for it to appear on your Application Tracking. Our records office is fully staffed over the holidays and is busily processing all of the application pieces that have been submitted. Also, please note that you do not need to express mail or overnight your application. I especially encourage students who live outside the United States to submit their applications as soon as possible. I encourage you not to wait until the very last moment to submit your application. If your application is ready to go, click that button, or stamp that mail! I hope these blogs have been very helpful to you as the regular action deadline approaches. Check out the archive if you havent already, where many questions have already been answered. For questions we havent yet answered, please leave your query in the comments of this entry. From time-to-time over the coming days Ill check back and answer the questions that I can (please limit your questions to application questions at this time). I am on vacation celebrating the new year, so please be patient with me (thanks!). Happy holidays! MIT Regular Action Deadline ***EDIT, 12/31/12 1:49PM: Of course, no sooner than I post this, it looks like the site is back up again! Thanks again for your patience feel free to post comments here if you encounter further issues.*** Hi there! It looks like some applicants are having issues accessing MyMIT were seeing some unusually heavy user activity today (even above and beyond what we had originally anticipated). Were aware of the problem and are working as quickly as we can to resolve it. If you cant log in, dont worry; well be flexible with the Regular Action deadline, and will post more details in the next few days. As previously posted, most MIT staff are out of the office today and tomorrow for the holiday, but Ill do my best to update this post as soon as I hear any further news from our friends in IST. In the meantime, thanks for your patience, and check out this post  for some answers to your frequently asked questions. Have a happy new year! All best, Mikey MIT Regular Action Deadline MITs regular action deadline is January 1. The Office of Admissions is currently closed for the holidays, and is not accepting emails or answering phone calls (and I am on vacation!). The office will reopen on Monday, January 4th. However, with the RA deadline fast approaching, Id like to use this entry to answer some of the common deadline-time questions. There are many answers already here on the site for example, about standardized test requirements or statistics. And below, Ive provided answers to some additional FAQs: The deadline is January 1, meaning you can click submit on your application any time on January 1 or before. (I strongly discourage waiting until the last minute, though) It is perfectly fine if, through no fault of your own, your school forms (teacher recommendations, secondary school report, transcript) come in after the January 1 deadline. We are much more understanding of and flexible with late documents from schools than with late documents from the applicant. The MyMIT Tracking is up-to-date (while the Admissions Office is closed, the Records Office is working hard), but please recognize that processing can take 2 weeks. You do not need to worry at this time about documents that are not showing on MyMIT; we currently have a backlog of materials in our processing center, and expect to have that backlog into January. Do not send a second copy of any document at this time. Also, you do not need to call MIT Admissions at this time to check on any such documents (there is a time for this later). Do not worry about materials that have not yet shown up on MyMIT Tracking. Please note that you do not need to express mail or overnight any part of your application. The teacher evaluations, secondary school report and transcripts must be sent through the mail (though we can accept electronic documents through Naviance/eDocs for schools that use this system only). Make sure everything has your name and an identifying piece of information such as your date of birth. For teacher recommendations and secondary school reports, we prefer our form, but will accept your schools forms, the NACAC forms, or the Common App forms. Any application materials being mailed, including recommendation letters, should be sent to: MIT Office of Admissions; 77 Massachusetts Avenue; Room 3-108; Cambridge, MA 02139; USA. It need not have any special code on the envelope. All application materials, though, should have your full name and other identifying information, such as date of birth. If you are having credit card problems, please email applicationpart1 at mit dot edu. If problems delay your application past January 1, we will extend the deadline for you due to any problems on our end. We are happy to accept fee waivers for any student (foreign or domestic) who needs one. Using a fee waiver will not negatively impact your admission. You may use the SAT Fee Waiver, the NACAC Fee Waiver, or a letter from a school official detailing your situation. We will accept other fee waiver forms as well. Generally speaking, if you are in tough financial shape and make a good faith effort to inform us of your circumstances, we will waive your fee. Listing awards that you have received is sufficient. You do not need to mail us certificates. Do not lie or be deceitful, though. We are aware that our application strips some formatting. We apologize, but everyone is on the same footing. We believe the word limits as stated for the essay questions in the application should be sufficient to answer the questions. You may have noted, though, that the application will not automatically cut off your answer at the word limit. You may choose to send in the essay at a length that exceeds our stated limit; it is your choice. We do not auto-reject candidates because of word length, but we believe the word limit specified usually should be sufficient. If your essay is greater than the word limit, I would recommend considering cutting down your essay; its your call whether to submit it as it currently is, though. If your answer is so long that the preview-function view of the answer shrinks the font, then I definitely recommend shortening your response. There are often many questions about the self-reported grades form. We ask that applicants in US school systems do their best to accurately and completely fill this out. Be sure to include your current year courses. Be sure that your self-reported grades match what is on your transcript. If you have taken college, online, or summer courses, you should include these classes and grades as well. If you do not attend an American-style school, you do not need to fill out the self-reported grades form. If you need to update your application after you submit it, the best and recommended mechanism is the Midyear Report, an online form which will be available in about a month. On this form, you will also provide updated/semester/midyear grades and any changes in your coursework. You will also be able to provide information about any new awards or anything else you want us to know about. January is the last testing date that can be seen by the Admissions Committee (February will not be seen). If you will be taking the January test, you obviously dont have the scores yet to write down in your application. This is okay. Just be sure that when you take the test, you designate MIT to receive the scores; other than this, you do not need to do anything special. Please do not rush report your scores. We require either SAT Reasoning Test OR ACT Plus Writing (or TOEFL) AND 2 SAT Subject Tests (one in math, one in science). At this time we are not considering the SAT (or ACT) Writing test. For the tests we do consider, we we only use the scores that make you look best, and we do abide by Score Choice. The deadline to request an interview was December 10th, and has now passed. While highly recommended, the interview is not a required part of the application. You are welcome to request an interview from your Educational Counselor (EC) after the deadline, but do not expect that your request will be granted. If you have already interviewed with your EC, or have scheduled your interview for the near future, you are all set. Do not worry if your interview report has not yet appeared on your MyMIT Tracking; the deadline for ECs to submit their reports has not yet arrived. If you wish, you may now fill out the conducted interview form and we will be sure to get the interview report. Regular action results will be released in mid-March. I hope this is helpful. Best wishes as you finish and submit the application! MIT Regular Action Deadline The Office of Admissions is currently closed for the holidays, and is not accepting emails or answering phone calls (and I am on vacation!). The office will reopen on Monday, January 3rd. However, with the RA deadline fast approaching, Id like to use this entry to answer some of the common deadline-time questions. There are many answers already here on the site for example, about standardized test requirements or statistics. And below, Ive provided answers to some additional FAQs: The deadline is January 1, meaning you can click submit on your application any time on January 1 or before. (I strongly discourage waiting until the last minute, though.) It is perfectly fine if, through no fault of your own, your school forms (e.g. teacher recommendations, secondary school report, transcript) come in after the January 1 deadline. We are much more understanding of and flexible with late documents from schools than with late documents from the applicant. The MyMIT Tracking is up-to-date (while the Admissions Office is closed, the Records Office is working hard), but please recognize that processing can take 2 weeks. You do not need to worry at this time about documents that are not showing on MyMIT; we currently have a backlog of materials in our processing center, and expect to have that backlog into January. Do not send a second copy of any document at this time. Also, you do not need to call MIT Admissions at this time to check on any such documents (there is a time for this later). Do not worry about materials that have not yet shown up on MyMIT Tracking. Please note that you do not need to express mail or overnight any part of your application. The teacher evaluations, secondary school report and transcripts must be sent through the mail (though we can accept electronic documents through Naviance/eDocs for schools that use this system only). Any application materials being mailed, including recommendation letters, should be sent to: MIT Office of Admissions; 77 Massachusetts Avenue; Room 3-108; Cambridge, MA 02139; USA. It need not have any special code on the envelope. Please include the appropriate cover sheet from MyMIT for any document you send, as it helps with filing (but documents without the cover sheet will be fine, too, as long as there is enough information for us to match the document with your file). For teacher recommendations and secondary school reports, we prefer our form, but will accept your schools forms, the NACAC forms, or the Common App forms. If you are having credit card problems, please email applicationpart1 at mit dot edu. If problems delay your application past January 1, we will extend the deadline for you due to any problems on our end. We are happy to accept fee waivers for any student (foreign or domestic) who needs one. Using a fee waiver will not negatively impact your admission. You may use the SAT Fee Waiver, the NACAC Fee Waiver, or a letter from a school official detailing your situation. We will accept other fee waiver forms as well. Generally speaking, if you are in tough financial shape and make a good faith effort to inform us of your circumstances, we will waive your fee. Listing awards that you have received is sufficient. You do not need to mail us certificates. Do not lie or be deceitful, though. We are aware that our application strips some formatting. We apologize, but everyone is on the same footing. We believe the word limits as stated for the essay questions in the application should be sufficient to answer the questions. You may have noted, though, that the application will not automatically cut off your answer at the word limit. You may choose to send in the essay at a length that exceeds our stated limit; it is your choice. We do not auto-reject candidates because of word length, but we believe the word limit specified usually should be sufficient. If your essay is greater than the word limit, I would recommend considering cutting down your essay; its your call whether to submit it as it currently is, though. If your answer is so long that the preview-function view of the answer shrinks the font, then I definitely recommend shortening your response. There are often many questions about the self-reported grades form. We ask that applicants in US school systems do their best to accurately and completely fill this out. Be sure to include your current year courses. Be sure that your self-reported grades match what is on your transcript. If you have taken college, online, or summer courses, you should include these classes and grades as well. If you do not attend an American-style school, you do not need to fill out the self-reported grades form. If you need to update your application after you submit it, the best and recommended mechanism is the Midyear Report, an online form which will be available in about a month. On this form, you will also provide updated/semester/midyear grades and any changes in your coursework. You will also be able to provide information about any new awards or anything else you want us to know about. January is the last testing date that can be seen by the Admissions Committee (February will not be seen). If you will be taking the January test, you obviously dont have the scores yet to write down in your application. This is okay. Just be sure that when you take the test, you designate MIT to receive the scores; other than this, you do not need to do anything special. Please do not rush report your scores. We require either SAT Reasoning Test OR ACT Plus Writing (or TOEFL) AND 2 SAT Subject Tests (one in math, one in science). We we only use the scores that make you look best, and we do abide by Score Choice. The deadline to request an interview was December 10th, and has now passed. While highly recommended, the interview is not a required part of the application. You are welcome to request an interview from your Educational Counselor (EC) after the deadline, but do not expect that your request will be granted. If you have already interviewed with your EC, or have scheduled your interview for the near future, you are all set. Do not worry if your interview report has not yet appeared on your MyMIT Tracking; the deadline for ECs to submit their reports has not yet arrived. If you wish, you may now fill out the conducted interview form and we will be sure to get the interview report. Regular action results will be released in mid-March. I hope this is helpful. Best wishes as you finish and submit the application!

Interpretation Of Caste Systems In Odyssey - Free Essay Example

In The Odyssey Homer presents an ideal that is rather counterintuitive to that echoed by his surrounding society. Homer proposed a radical new interpretation of caste systems that suggests that morality lies with those who reside on the bottom of the system. Through the epic, Homer empowers small, negligible characters in the name of assisting Odysseus. In parallel, he strives to dehumanize the suitors, constantly portraying them as filthy, ravaging pigs. We also see a more direct approach deployed by Homer, one that carries personal significance to him. As a bard himself, Homer always remained at the lower end of the caste system within his own society. This inspired him to take action, using his craft he carefully constructed an epic infused with propaganda. Miniscule interjections, ones that may seem out of place, now appear to carry an ulterior motive, as Homer constantly reiterates the integral role that his class exhibits. One overarching example of his self-empowerment is be seen in the events that succeed the slaughter of the suitors. As Odysseus hunts for all left who plot against his throne, he is met with Phemius, the suitors designated bard. In this instance, Homer contorts logic and allows the bard to liberate Telemachus mind, and sways him to go against his own father. Following Phemius pleas, Telemachus bursts to the bards defense, he attests Stop, dont cut him down! This ones innocent. (Page 450 or 22.376). In this passage Homer conveys that Phemius, a mere bard can break the rock-hard will of the great Odysseus with a swift motion of words. He uses his convincing words to claim that he has always been loyal to Odysseus. Eumaeus, the swineherd, displays sterling dedication to his master Odysseus, both in true and disguised form. As Odysseus continues to adjudicate his loyalty to the throne, Eumaeus attests his allegiance not only to the throne, but also to his fellow classmen. During his probe, Odysseus receives the same respect from Eumaeus that he received from many of the kings he encountered on his exploits before. By enacting so, Homer subtly hints that Eumaeus could rival even a kings expression of Xenia, that too without all the luxuries of one. Another lower-class figure who carries similarities to royalty is Eurycleia. She is seen as a mother figure to both Odysseus and Telemachus, yet effectively embodies both roles. As Penelope neglects her son in grief, Eurycleia volunteers to bare him as her own, as she did once his father. On page 406 or 19.495-19.496 Odysseus queries Nurse, you want to kill me? You suckled me yourself at your own breast-and now Im home at last, therefore, implying Eury cleia raised him as her own. Despite his hubris, Homer recognized his audience, and catered to them accurately. Since a significant amount of Homers target audience consisted of affluent visionaries, he cleverly contorted the way he pushed his narrative. Not all lower-class people were portrayed as above the rich, many stuck in their place as uneducated low-lives. An exemplary embodiment of this is the pugnacious behavior expressed by Irus, the beggar. When he confronts the Odysseus, he enters with an overwhelming amount of pompous. He too is a beggar like Odysseus, yet his nonsensical arrogance prompts him to provoke his fellow classman. After insulting Odysseus, he is met with a backlash, in response he rapidly escalates his tone Well, Ive got a knock-out blow in store for him. Belt up-so the lords can see us fight it out. (Page 376 or 18.33-18.37). During the events proceeding the suitors galvanize Irus to fight. Ironically, Odysseus swiftly put the suitors to rest by pummeling Irus. The strategy Homer employs to prevent from demeaning the lower-class is ingenious. Another example of this is Melanthius, the goatherd, who heckles Odysseus shamelessly before his demise. While Odysseus and Eumaeus journey to the palace, they encounter Melanthius. He holds equality to Eumaeus, also an animal herder, in social status, but undoubtedly towers over Odysseus, who takes the form of a beggar. What sets Melanthius apart from Eumaeus is his aggressive attitude towards Odysseus. During the presentation of his jeering plethora of insults, he slowly provokes Odysseus to a breaking point. Soon thereafter, he becomes physical, And just as he passed Odysseus the idiot lurched out with a heel and kicked his hip. (Page 361 or 17.256). He fails to knock Odysseus, but that was never the purpose of this excerpt. The language Homer uses to describe Melanthius says enough by itself. By calling him an idiot, that too in third person, he interjects his emotion into the story, yet he adds to layers to his claim to avoid backlash. Some people see his declaration as direct, pertaining to Melanthius foolishness to try to drop Odysseus. Opposingly, his claim can be seen as a message to lower-class member as a call to unite rather than fight amongst each other. This second interpretation would also explain the inclusion of his harrowing slaughter with the rest of the suitors. Any and all unruly lower-classmen have one accentuated trait in common, they are strongly linked to the suitors, suggesting the suitors drove them to wrongdoing. The suitors are portrayed as demonic creatures who ravage away at Odysseus goods. However; they take on a much more relevant role only after Odysseus arrives. They treat him with abuse and insult constantly, oblivious to the impending doom that they are soon to face. The most assertive of the suitors is by no doubt Antinous, such is stated by his own comrades, And he incited it all-Antinous-look, the man who drove us all to crime! (Page 441 or 22.50-22.51). During an early altercation we see how Homer strives to set Antinous apart from the rest of the suitors. When he throws a stool at Odysseus in rage for his request of food, he is shunned by his own men, Look Antinous that was a crime, to strike a luckless beggar! (Page 370 or 17.432-17.433). Of those who do sympathize with the royal family, Amphinomus stands out the most. Even Penelope, the woman the suitors plague, was pleased by his presence. He, unlike Eurymachus stood up in a time of tranquility rather than a time of desperation. Unfortunately, news of this well-doing never makes its way to Odysseus, and Amphinomus is killed anyway. What Homer tries to convey here is that loyalty cannot be bought in an instant, it must rather be won over a period. Yet he exclusively lets a loyal suitor die, showing that Odysseus and Homer are diffrent. Using Odysseus allows Homer to contradict himself since he can simply pit one side of the argument onto Odysseus beliefs rather than his own. Homer uses Odysseus divisively to create a contrast of opinion as well as an exemplary model of Homers beliefs. Homer uses Odysseus in any and every way that is convenient, yet the mastery of his craft is that he is able to do so while maintaining the flow of thought. Through an alternative persp ective we see that Odysseus mission was never really about him, it was rather about those he brought along. After the Eumaeus and Eurycleia assisted Odysseus in his pursuit of the throne, they were could rise up from the oppression they once faced from the suitors. Homer only used Odysseus as a match to light the flame of liberation for Eumaeus and Eurycleia. Homer wrote what may seem at a preliminary glance as a simple epic, yet what he hid inside his book did wonders. Just as many of his narrational styles inspired many of the great storytellers of our day, his internal messages also inspired many human rights activists. By uplifting those oppressed in the Odyssey, he gave hope to all those who suffered the demeaning life he had. In The Odyssey Homer argued that the caste system corrupted the minds of those at the top, leaving only the lower-class with any morality.