Technology leading to Obesity Essay

Technology is becoming used excessively every day. Kids spend all their time on their phone or playing video games. With new innovations coming out every week, people want to be the first to own the â€Å"new thing†. There should be one hour a day where one has to participate in activities that do not involve technology to prevent obesity. I believe all the new inventions contribute to the world’s obesity problems. Most people thought obesity was due to the advent of â€Å"super-sized† fast food but new research places the blame squarely on a double dose of innovation Adults and kids alike spend numerous amount of time sitting down to watch television or looking up interesting subjects on the computer. Researchers now suggest that 60 percent of the extra pounds Americans have put on maybe caused by a decline in the physical demands of work brought about by the arrival of computers and the like. All this time spent sitting and not being physically active is harmfu l to one’s health. Since new ideas are made each day, why hasn’t someone invented something that stimulates the mind as well as keeps the body in shape? Both adults and children are leading increasingly sedentary lifestyles thanks to modern technology. Children no longer need to go outside to talk to their friends when they can keep up with them through texting or social networks. They do not even need to go outside to play games anymore when they have video games right there at their fingertips. Technology may be convenient, but it must be balanced with physical activity in order to keep both ourselves and our children healthy. In past decades, strenuous jobs meant that workers were in effect paid to exercise. Now workers with more sedentary jobs pay to exercise at the gym. It is this lack of exercise, rather than an increase in calories, that has led to the weight gain, they say, which is no longer music to the ears of the US fast-food companies as they are now facing lawsuits from some litigi ous fatties. Research has shown that an average 6ft-tall man today weighs 30 pounds more than he did in the early 1900’s. Some parents have been relying on technology as â€Å"electric babysitters† including the television and computer. Parents know where their child is if they are watching television or sitting in front of the computer screen. It is the parents duty to incorporate activities that involve exercise if they want to use these  methods including Wii fit, or Dance Dance Revolution. Kids may also get the feeling that it is alright to watch television all day or continuously play on the computer if they see their parent doing likewise. Just a few small changes can make the difference between bad habits that are likely to lead to obesity, and good habits that they will carry with them for life. Parents must remember that our children are our future, and as such, they have the responsibility to teach them good habits to carry with them all their lives. The government should pass a law where a time period each day is not used on technology, or if it is, used in way to where you are exercising. This could give people time to work out or do something productive with their life. Instead of bragging about making it to level 30 on zombies, kids could say they learned the difference from a poisonous plant and an edible plant. People today are becoming too lazy and reliant on technology.

Indian Book Retail Industry Essay

The Indian book retail industry is estimated to be over Rs 3,000 crore, out of which organised retail accounts for only 7 per cent.The industry is expected to grow by approximately 15 per cent a year.Book retail contributes only about 1 per cent to the overall retail industry. Text and curriculum books account for about 50 per cent of the sales. Second-hand books are also a big chunk of the book retail market. In the past few years, several large format book store chains have come up, such as Landmark, Crossword and Om Book Shop etc . More than 75 per cent stores of these large chains are in top eight cities. These Organized Book retailers are focusing on improved customer experience. Many book stores have also introduced coffee shops and provide a library-like atmosphere where customers can sit and read, while sipping coffee. Besides this online channel is also significant with players like Flipkart, Indiaplaza, Infibeam etc. With the printed word considered an endangered species in much of a rapidly digitizing world, India now represents one of the best book markets in the world. â€Å"There has definitely been a huge jump in the size of the industry in terms of book sales and the number of books being published,† said Mita Kapur, the founder of Siyahi, a literary agency, who says the number of books published in English is growing by 30 percent a year. Vikrant Mathur, associate director of Nielsen Book, India, said the volume of book sales grew by 45 percent during the first half of 2011. For the entire year, Nielsen, a global information provider, documented English-language book sales of 3.28 billion rupees – about $62 million – from more than 12 million books sold. And that is probably only a fraction of true total sales, since Nielsen only measures about 35 percent of the total market. â€Å"Where physical books are concerned India right now is a very, very big market,† said Priyanka Malhotra, director of Full Circle Publications. â€Å"There is a whole younger generation coming up from BPOs who are starting to read in English, which is where a lot of new demand is coming from.† Online retail have also spurred growth in the industry. To summarize India’s book retail industry is broadly divided into 3 sectors : 1. Organized 2. Unorganized 3. Online The organized sector has big names such as : crosswords, OM book shop , landmark etc to name a few. On the other hand unorganized sector is huge and highly fragmented, with shops spanning from local book stores to road side book shanties to red light book sellers etc. This sector is also filled with piracy and pirated copies of original books (which is a serious threat to the sales of organized sector) Online sector is the newest of them all and has just started to takeoff in sales since last 3-4 years. The major advantage of such a format is the wide variety of offerings under one roof and ease of access for the users. Thus this is the fastest growing sector among all of them. The prominent players in this category are Flipkart.com, Infibeam.com etc. Unorganized sector (Golden book depot) Golden book depot is a typical book store among many in the unorganized sector of the india book retail industry. This store is loacated in the vicinity of our target organized sector store ( OM book shop) i.e. Ber Sarai ( adjacent to IIT) in south Delhi. As can be seen in the photograph, this is a small shop , almost 1/10th of the size of om book shop and most of the products are available behind the counter, with only magazine stand placed just outside the store. As magazines as a category has most no of impulse purchase. On an average around 50-70 customers come to this book store, and this tore has a footfall conversion of over 85% which is very high as compared to the organized sector (OM book shop) . The reason for this behavior is that most of the products in these kind of shops are behind the counter and it doesn’t provide the luxury to the customer to stroll around and search and read a book as in the case of organized sector. Therefore almost all of the customers coming to these shops like golden book depot are aware of what they want and demand that directly from the shop keeper who then searches the book in the shop and hands over to the customer. Besides having a smaller area , less variety of books and behind the counter selling, the sales (in terms of no. of books sold) is still higher in golden book depot as compared to OM book shop . The reason for that being : 1. Availability of educational books , i.e. educational course materials and  competitive exam preparation books. These books constitute the majority of the portion of these book shops in unorganized sector. These kind of books , especially course materials for various courses such as MBA, B.Tech, BCA etc . are not available at book stores like OM book shop. As they (Organized) focus more on selling of novels and leisure read books. 2. Many of the popular shops in unorganized sector offer a facility to bring the old books and exchange them with the new books at a discounted rate or return the old books at a discounted rate in form of cash return. This is a major reason why price conscious middle class Indian customers prefer unorganized sector over organized sector. 3. Perception in the minds of Indian customers that these small shops will offer the same product at cheaper rate than the organized sector shops, which have flashy interiors and huge shop floor. This perception is true also upto some extent as these shopkeepers in these small shops have the control over their margins and not guided by any company policy ( as in the case of OM book shop) that means these shop keepers can even squeeze their margins from around 10% to as low as 1-2% to attract or retain a customer by offering them the cheapest bargain. Organized sector (OM BOOK SHOP ) About Om Book Shop Retailer and Publishing House: Om Book Shop is a part of Om Books International, a leading English language trade publisher in the subcontinent, and is a prominent player in the Indian book industries. The book retailing chain has a significant presence across the Delhi-NCR region. Besides stocking books, movies, magazines and CD ROMs, Om Book Shop is also a major distributor of books of many leading international imprints. OBI began publishing in 1993. Collection: With a strong focus on children books and coffee-table books, the store has a diverse collection including books on Lifestyle, Nature and Wildlife, Fashion, Bollywood, Heritage and Culture, Management, Health & Fitness, Cookery, Architecture and Interiors, pictorial books for children etc. Children section is a major thrust area for the company and OBI publishes children’s titles under the Om Kids imprint: illustrated classics, mythology, folk tales, encyclopaedias etc. Loyalty programs and other salient features: Other salient features Om Book Shop currently holds about 50 thousand registered customers with the Om Book Privilege Loyalty Programme which offers points, discounts & other offers to its loyal customers. OBS aims to popularize the Gift -a- book idea across its stores and delivers services like Dial-a-book which allows the customers to shop from their homes; and the efficient and helpful staffs in the book stores assists them in finding the right book or the right gift for the right occasion. Overview: Product, Category and Store Product Category: ‘Books’ Retail Format: Category Specialists Customer segments: In terms of demographics, the Om Book shop customer can be a child/adult from any age group, gender, income class (reasonably well off) etc. Store: Om Book Shop is located in DLF Promenade Mall in Vasant Kunj. The store is located on the 2nd floor of the mall and the floor plan is provided in Figure1. The store is strategically located in a way that it falls on one of the 2 ways to the food court and movie theatre. Figure 1: Floor Plan of Om Book Store STORE PHILOSOPHY * Layout * Ambience/dà ©cor * Sale program * Loyalty Store layout structure Om book store has a very functional and efficient physical layout. Mall sq. foot area is very expensive so there seems to be an effort on part of the book store to utilize as much area as possible. Hence the layout may be a bit crammed for some customers. The bird’s eye view of the layout is as follows: The front view of the store is a transparent glass window through which a passerby can easily see into the store. The poster’s on display from the  front view are only of â€Å"OM publisher’s† in different categories like kids books, cook books, and biography (Amir Khan’s â€Å"I’ll Do it My Way†. The most popular and eye-catchy book categories are positioned near the entrance of the store. The largest selling categories, Children’s books, Fiction, and New Arrivals are placed in shelves that a customer encounters as soon as he enters the store. These sections also have the largest impulse buy and are therefore kept at the forefront. Om book’s self published books in the kids category is displayed in big piles on the ground straight in the line of path of a customer who walks into the store. Since the child often runs about choosing his/her own story books and activity (colouring/mask) books and heavily influencing the purchase decision of the parent so the children books of the OM publisher has been strategically kept within reach of the child on the ground to woo the him/her. Other publications in the same Children’s category have been kept on the shelf and in â€Å"sideway† display to decrease their exposure to the child/parent. Om Publication’s in any other category when placed on the shelf have been given a frontal full display to encourage sales. Management books being the next most popular category, they have been placed right after the popular categories when comparing in terms of â€Å"distance from entrance†. Categories pertaining to work or hobby like gardening, travelling, cooking etc / or specific topics of interest like astrology, philosophy, poetry, etc have been grouped towards the end of the store, furthest away from the entrance. This is because these categories can usually not create impulse purchase and so every customer need not pass through these segments/aisles. People who do buy these books are targeted shoppers and will anyhow walk to the back end of the shop to pick up his/her book. These categories are not as popular as the others and have loyal customer following. The impulse buy accessories are lined along the passage on either side from the entrance to the cash counter. It is further seen that the counter is placed at the other end from the entrance to ensure that a customer has to walk through all the impulse purchase offerings before he/she can buy the book. The products on offer in this so called â€Å"impulse accessory† shopping segment are: pens (parker and waterman), magazines, cookbooks, horoscope books, key rings, bookmarks, marble-paper/wrapping paper, and bestsellers in each category. It can further be noticed that the best seller section just prior to the cash  counter is dedicated solely to Om publication. Additional aspects of the Store Layout The layout is no doubt very functional keeping in mind the profit maximization philosophy of the store and the main agenda of pushing its own publication to the shopper. However the spacing of shelves is crammed with little walking space, hardly any sitting space (only 2-3 stools), and only 1 book stand. The entire focus is on 1 product offering i.e. books. Unlike competitors in the organised sector like Landmark, it is not focussing on the entire shopping experience, (no coffee, no other items on offer like stationary etc, no sitting space). Store Ambience and Decor The bookshelves were made of engineered wood like particle wood. This created a unique and rich traditional effect. Plastic or metal bookshelves were not used since they do not look expensive and give a modern feel, which was not something the book store wanted. Furthermore the particle wood was coloured a light shade of brown to give a bright and roomy/spacious look to the store. However the bookshelves were placed too close and for a particular section of customers who prefer the comforts of abundant seating arrangement, coffee facility, and walking space (as provided by Landmark), the sheer functional design of the store might be interpreted as a crammed. This might not work well for a particular segment of customers whose involvement with the shopping experience is as high as, if not higher than the involvement with the product itself. Furthermore the store works on the philosophy that it will focus on selling books alone and not encourage customers to spend hours just reading in the store. This is unlike some of its contemporaries like Landmark that encourage customers to sit and read inside the store. Hence at OM book stores some customers may complain that the staff hover close to them and make them feel uncomfortable if they stay too long. The store plays light and slow English instrumental music to suit the taste of the higher-strata of people who usually visit the Promenade Mall and create a relaxed atmosphere in the store. Instrumental music is  played since a song with wordings would disturb the concentration of a customer reading the epilogue/back-cover of a book. This gives a contemporary feel to the store. Store Sale Programs The store’s maximum profit comes from its Children’s section. Hence the sale period coincides with the summer and winter vacation in schools in Delhi. December to Mid-January and May to June are the respective winter and summer sales. The store is also receptive to mall trends in sale. Since almost every other shop in the mall had a sale in July, so the store too announced a sale to cash in on the increased footfall to the mall during the sale-period. There was no Flat Sale offer. Discount amounts were graded on the basis of demand. Books with high demand had low sale; New Arrival, Top 20 Fiction/Non-Fiction, general Fiction, and bestsellers had only 10% discount. The store felt that irrespective of the price these books would sell and so gave negligible discount on them. However on the kids section the discount was higher, around 20%, and even higher discounts on children’s books published in-house by Om Publications. This is because the store believes that parents during the sale period buy in bulk and a higher sale would induce them to buy more and yet it would not affect your margins. Furthermore parents are price conscious when buying for little kids since the books cannot be added to a collection later on and mostly become irrelevant in a short time after the child has outgrown them. The sale on OM publication was the highest because they already had the highest margins on it due to the absence of a middleman, and therefore could easily afford a large discount on those books. By touting the large discounts they aim to attract consumers to their publication and yet make the largest profit on the same sales. The books with the largest discounts (say more than 50%) were displayed in piles on the floor. This was due to the belief that even if the books weren’t displayed at eye-level, even then the mammoth sale amount would encourage the shoppers to make the effort of bending down to pick up the book. To publicise the sale big red stickers were pasted on the glass walls of the store which can be viewed by the casual shopper passing by the store. Inside the store the discount for each section was  mentioned separately through stickers and pointers. Store Loyalty Program A book is generally a product category where the consumer’s involvement with the product (i.e. the book itself) is much higher than his involvement with the store. Even if a person might have store preferences, yet his/her loyalty lies with the book and not with the store. Hence a consumer would not really care much as to whether he bought his/her book at OM Book stores or at Landmark, which is a stones throwaway. Thus in order to boost retention of loyal customers Om book stores has come up with a loyalty program, a privilege card holder concept which is as follows: * 1 point for every Rs.10 purchase. * Minimum points for redemption are 500 points. * 1 point equals Rs 1 reduction in bill amount. 60-70% of walk-in customers were privilege card holders and the store already has 4500 privilege card holders. The scheme is a moderate success. Store Timings | 11 A.M to 10 P.M ( For Mall)11 A.M to 8 P.M ( For standalone shop not the store we studied)| Working days| All 7 Days of the week| Peak days| Saturday and Sunday| Peak hours| Evenings post 6:00 pm| Staff| 10-12 members including the manager. Manager stands behind the counter at one of the two cash registers. He is accompanied by 2 staff members whose work is to: 1. Use the second cash register for quick transactions during peak hour to prevent long queuing period 2. To get a book for a customer if he/she directly comes to the counter and asks for a specific book.| Floor Staff responsibilities| * Taking care of the specific three to four sections assigned to them. * keeping a track of inventory * Filling the requisition form for the replenishing of stock * Guiding the customers if required * Sticking the barcode behind each new book before placing them on the shelf.| Shifts| There are no shifts; each staff member works throughout the day from 11:00 AM -8:00pm (fixed) and from  8:00pm-10:00pm (variable) depending on the rush. Hence post 8:00 pm the retained staff is paid on overtime basis.| Showrooms (strategic positioning)| NCR – 5 in malls and 2 stand aloneMumbai – 1 stand aloneThe store we studied was in the Promenade mall beside DT cinemas movie ticket counter on the 2nd floor.| Revenues| 1.5 to 2 Lakhs on weekdays3 to3.5 Lakhs on weekendsChildren, Fiction – highest selling category (80% of sales)| CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR The product category is such that it involves Limited-Decision Making by the customers. The reasons for purchase of a book from the store can be: * Buying for self- Leisure * Buying for self Knowledge * Buying for Others- Regular * Buying for Others- Situational The greater the motivation to make an optimal decision, the more likely an attribute-based choice will be made. Thus, attribute-based processing is more likely for an expensive book purchase than it is for an inexpensive magazine. The easier it is to access complete attribute-by-brand information, the more likely attribute-based processing will be used. A variety of situations influence which choice approach is most likely. A book bought with the intention of a gift purchase is assigned more importance than a purchase for oneself. Thus, gift purchases would be more likely to produce attribute-based decision processes. Time pressure is a major determinant of choice process used, with increasing time pressures producing more use of attitude-based decisions. Thus, we can identify 3 major clusters of customers that visit Om Book Shop. Category I: DEDICATED READER This is the kind of person who feels complete with a book in his hand. For him, the behaviour is governed by his choices alone and it is solely his decision. He is always trying to find the time to get back to his book. He is convinced that the world would be a much better place if only everyone read more. His primary information search happens within the store only. Category II: LITERATE GOOD CITIZEN This is the kind of person who usually buys a book after reading it review by a critic or an expert. Such a person does more information search before coming to the store. For our respondent group, the most dominant sources for this information were reviews and Bestseller lists published in newspapers, magazines or online blogs and sites likes Amazon.com. Category III: FAD READER This is the kind of person who only reads the popular books/ latest bestsellers so he can be up to date on what other people are talking about and be seen by others as someone who is well read. He often reads for the social credit he can get out of it. His primary information search is more through his friend circle or his group of colleagues from whom he might hear the latest ‘fads’ in terms of books. Such a person could also go in for information search in popular newspapers/magazines or the shares on social media websites.

The V Type Engines Engines - 1676 Words

Denzel Wallace Ms. Parker English IV 20 March 2015 V-Type Engines Engines come in a variety of sizes and each has its own unique qualities. Only true car enthusiasts understand the differences in the many engine types. One engine type is the V-type engine, first built in 1889 by Daimler. From the V2 to the V24, the V-type internal combustion engine is used in motorized vehicles ranging from motorcycles to aircrafts. The history of V-type engines dates back to 1506 when Leonardo Da Vinci described a compressionless engine. Jean Joseph Etienne Lenoir made the first internal combustion engine that provided a reliable and continuous source of power, coal gas being used by the gas engine, in 1860 in France. Samuel Brown’s internal†¦show more content†¦Different types of V-type engines were invented like the today’s V6 and V8 engines (Simona). Todays V-type engine is used primarily in modern cars, since the late 1600s. A V-Type engine is a common configuration for internal combustion engines. The V-type engine ’s pistons are aligned so that they appear to be in a V when viewed along the line of the crankshaft (Simona). Most people does not know how uncommon a V4 engine really is. The Lancia V4 engine was the first to debut a V4 in a production car with the Lambda in 1922. The V4 was drastically redesigned for the Fulvia, a Ford vehicle, with the block angle dropping from 20Ëš (Mackintosh). The Lancia V4 and Fulvia were taken out of production in 1976. The Lancia and Fulvia V4 was replaced with a more conventional inline-four cylinder engine, I-4. Both of these V4 engines featured a counter-rotating balance shaft to neutralize harmonic vibrations, inherent in a four-cylinder engine (Mackintosh). The Ford V4 engines are still used today in equipment like industrial pumps and generators. The V4 was not that popular in automotive use but was used in other fields (Mackintosh). Another V-type engine, the V6, is the second most common configuration in modern cars (Simona). The V 6 engine has two more cylinders than the four-cylinder engines and can do more than the four-cylinder like towing and hauling (Simona;â€Å"Definitions: V6 Engines-Video†). A V6 engine is faster and better at towing and hauling than a

Environmental Factors and Marketing - 1323 Words

Environmental Factors and Marketing Decisions Will a successful marketing plan in one country work in another country? This is unlikely to occur due to many different cultural, political, economic, technological, and competitive environments. Marketing mixes require adjustments to meet local conditions and companies that understand these environmental factors can create advantages when positioning their products or services. Wal-Mart is a global organization and uses market research to understand the market environments before making marketing decisions. Introduction Wal-Mart operates over 6,100 stores worldwide, employs 1.8 million associates, and operates in 15 different countries (Annual Report, 2006, p. 12). Lee Scott,†¦show more content†¦In fact, out of 600 new store openings planned for 2007, one-third will be international location (Annual Report, 2006, p. 12). How is Wal-Mart expanding so fast and successfully in the global market? Wal-Mart elected to purchase existing grocery store chains instead of entering into a new market without brand identification. The competitive environments in Central and South America shaped the way Wal-Mart expanded. Instead of building new stores, Wal-Mart purchased existing retailers and kept their same name. Wal-Mart does business under Seiyu in Japan, Bodega Aurrera in Mexico, Asda Living in the United Kingdom, Todo Dia in Brazil, and CARCHO in Central America. Around the world, Wal-Mart operates 9 different formats to reach its target markets (Annual Report, 2006, p. 16). This strategy provides an instant marketing mix that will allow Wal-Mart to make distribution changes to increase profits. This strategy may also prevent some of the negativity Wal-Mart receives domestically by squeezing out the smaller merchants. Domestic Segment In the United States, Wal-Mart appeals to the target market through various stores such as Sam s Club, Wal-Mart NeighborHood Markets, Super centers, and general merchandise stores. While Wal-Mart successfully reached its target market, it is beginning to face community opposition to some expansion efforts. Social Responsibility Social responsibility and ethics play an important role for keeping life-longShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Factors of Marketing1287 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental Factors of Marketing This paper will discuss the five environmental factors that influence global and domestic marketing decisions that organizations must make. These five environmental factors are technology, demographics, government, culture and economics. Companies are affected differently by these factors depending on the industry they are in and the size of the organization. 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The Role Of Antibiotics As Treatment For Australian...

Otitis media (OM) remains to be a major health concern in Australia, with an inexcusably substantial disparity in the severity and incidence of otitis media, of all its forms, between Indigenous and non-Indigenous child populations. Specifically, children in Indigenous communities suffer from chronic suppurative otitis media at rates that far surpasses the 4% threshold that defines a massive public health concern (WHO, 1996). Currently, the first line of treatment for OM is the use of antibiotics, which is characteristically used to treat cases of acute otitis media (AOM), with or without perforation, and chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) (Morris Leach, 2009). However, with rates of OM in high-risk Indigenous communities failing to decline, the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment has fallen under questioning. Many studies which have aimed to investigate the role of antibiotics as treatment in Australian Indigenous children with OM have yielded diverse conclusions regarding i ts efficacy. Therefore, the objective of this literature review is to determine the effectiveness of antibiotics as treatment in Australian Indigenous children with otitis media. Literature Review In Leach, Wood, Gadil, Stubbs and Morris’ (2008) study, an investigation was made concerning the effectiveness of topical ciprofloxin (CIP) drops in comparison to ototopical framycetin-gramicidin-dexamethasone (FGD) drops in Aboriginal children with CSOM which was recently treated. The participants

Occupations in the Elizabethan Era Essay Example For Students

Occupations in the Elizabethan Era Essay In the Elizabethan Era, occupations were as varied as a bowl of Jelly Belly Jelly Beans. There was some much to do as the times were changing rapidly. Professions in this time and age ranged from rabbit catching to working with royalty. Making weapons, clothes, working in the house, working in the castle, selling goods in the marketplace, and healing others were just some of the more common trades of the time. Break out the weapons! Two mortal enemies, sworn to cut each others throats, are at it again on the old battlefield. One side of the field is pouring with men in rusty brown uniforms, while the other side sports pale blue tunics. There is no end in sight, each side is fighting at their best. Then from the brown side the warriors step back and a valiant knight riding a horse steps into the clearing. Without a word, an equally terrifying champion on a horse steps out of the opposing crowd to face the combatant. Both armies step back and watch the scene in amazement. The champion in blue swiftly whips out his bow and arrows and aims it at his opponent. His adversary gives him a dry look and whips out his own weapon. He says deftly, Its made in Paris with about #25 draw weight. Made out of the choicest materials by the local fletcher and bowyer.Really? the other sneered, I got mine from the best blacksmith in London! Its made out of the toughest wood and a four-sided spike on the arrow h ead developed to penetrate plate armor.The fighter in blue gasped and his face grew red. He threw his arrows on the ground and reached for his sword. Just before he could put in a harsh word, his adversary cut in, Let me guess thats a steel pommel and guard with a leather wrapped hilt. The blade is 30 long, am I right?The steely faced warrior had regained his composure and slowly nodded. The other grinned and said, Here I have in my had the famed Sword of Vaelen, a wonderful tempered blademade, of course, by the finest blacksmith in Spain! The fight was on the champion in blue had his weapons made by various specialists, like the armorer, a farrier, a saddler, and cutler. The fight even went as far as to see who had the better horseshoes on their horses. The knight defending the brown side had all of his weapons specially custom-made by a blacksmith. As the fight went on, the brown side started cheering louder and louder, for it was clear that the knight was winning. Finally the la st blow struck. Ha! You paid five times as much as I did for my armor! From the looks of both, my weapons are far sturdier than any of yours! shouted the knight, as the champion stared daggers at this daring warrior. The champion called out to his men and led them away from the battlefield, waving his sword and muttering something about waiting until they got caught off guard next time.Working with iron proved to be a very useful and resourceful trade during this time period. To come into battle with high quality equipment would lengthen ones warrantee in the game of life. For a one stop shopping place to buy a variety of weapons, the blacksmith was always at hand to take orders for the customer. Another line of work was found in the clothing department. Fashion depended on whatever the queen felt like wearing and shops had to be prepared for anything new that came out. If the style changed, the first to start copying the design was the seamstress, who made smocks and shirts. The clothing was then sent to the draper for the public to buy. To get a custom -made suit designed to ones particular taste, a tailor was usually called in. The tailor would first go to the mercer to buy wool, silk, and linen to fashion whatever was needed, and from there he Work could also be found in and around the home. Well-off members of the gentry almost always had a large estate to maintain, and thus they would be highly likely to employ many hired hands. It usually started off with a steward who would oversee all of the workers and servants and attend to their needs. In the kitchen, besides the cook, there would often be an acater, fowler, and/or warrener. The acater did the job of necessary pro curing goods not produced on the land, the fowler would shoot game birds for the table, and the warrener would catch rabbits for the evening feast. Where did children fit it? If there were children, there would be a nurse to take care of and tutor them. If there were infants, there would often be a wet nurse to nurse the young, as it was not the proper place of a wealthy woman to take time off and breast-feed her child. If something needed to be built, such as furniture, a modest accessory for the house, the steward would take lumber to the sawyer to have it cut into the right sized planks. The lumber would then go to the turner or the joiner, who fashioned it exquisitely to the masters taste. All the masters investments and expenses were balanced by the Man of Business, who acted as an accountant. .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .postImageUrl , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:hover , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:visited , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:active { border:0!important; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:active , .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9 .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6b79e1330b7abb604a534c8211ac6fe9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Memory Essay SummaryLiving and working in a castle was not that different from working in a well-to-do estate. The king living in it would rule vast areas of land. By splitting it up into small sections and entrusting it to the local lords, or vassals, the king avoided strife and invasion from neighboring kingdoms. These vassals would then rule the fiefs under the under the condition that the fiefs would fight for the kings land if necessary. The vassals also could break down the land even further and have vassals of their own ruling the land. In the kings army, there would be knights of all shapes and sizes. They were legionnaires on horseback, fighting with their lives f or the king in return for a plot of land. When a knight went into battle, a noblewoman would give him her handkerchief for good luck. Noblewomen were the wives and daughters of those with high ranking in the castle. If there was no steward to overlook the servants, the noblewoman would take charge and make sure everything is running smoothly. The servants who work for the king were called serfs; they were peasants who were bound to the castle grounds and separable from the land by the lords manumission only. These villagers, did not necessary lead a boring life. Karen Cushman, who wrote Catherine, Called Birdy, states that Villagers put aside their hard, tedious lives to dance around the Maypole, jump the bonfires on Midsummerss Night, and share Christmas with their lord and lady. (168) For many of these hard-working men and women, living in the castle was not only fun, it was a way of life. Walking into the noisy marketplace, there are merchants walking up and down and setting up their stalls up for their wares to be displayed. Tantalizing smells fill the air and make ones nose twitch. The calls of the merchants ring loud and clear, yelling their pitches such as, Here my good man, sample this fine brew! and, The best of the marketplace is HERE! Step riiiight up! Some interesting shops to look out for in the marketplace include the wine seller, the cobbler, the tiler, and the glazier. Wine was had at almost every meal, and it was a shame not to have any at a feast. People sometimes brewed their own ale, which was the only safe drink, even for children, until a couple hundred years later when piped water came. There were many cobblers in the marketplace; high heels had just been invented and were meant only for the most fashionable of ladies. Another interesting occupation was being a tiler, someone who makes and places tiles on rooftops to keep the rain out. Glaziers mad e glass for windows, ornaments, and jewelry. Strolling though the marketplace is an adventure in itself; there is much to grok. The advanced professions during this time lay mostly in the medical sciences. There were no doctors or surgeons, so one would have to go to the barber. People came on a regular basis to the barber to have their ailments cured. The barber would pull out that sore tooth, give the patient herbs, or just have the paining limb cut off. Cleanliness was not a big issue, so many deaths often occurred from contamination. Other methods of healing was to drain the bad blood from the patient, using cauterizing irons, and pouring boiling oil on the wound. The 16th century brought about great men in medicine who realized that these methods werent the best, and sought to find the correct treatment. Next to the barber, people also went to the apothecary, who sold medicinal herbs and charms that could supposedly ward away the plague and evil spirits. All in all, Elizabethan medicine was quite different from todays practices and methods. From owning a small business to ruling a country, the Elizabetha n Era was well knit together with the spice of life variety. From the marketplace to the kings castle, there was much work to be done to keep the world running and it was not that hard to find a decent job. For the most part, this was an age where there was a lot of change. Change occurred in the medical sciences, fashion, weapons, and more. This era is one of the many building blocks of todays advanced civilization. .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .postImageUrl , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:hover , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:visited , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:active { border:0!important; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:active , .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9a25423823071666d8af26c7b4f5d20f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Technology and Television Child Obesity EssayBibliography:Cushman, Karen. Catherine, Called Birdy. New York:Houghton Mifflin, 1994 (Authors note used)Ramsey, Lia. Medical Beliefs and Practices. Elizabethan England. (no date given). (Accessed on: 4/4/01)Anderson, Margo. Elizabethan Accessories. Elizabethan Costume. 17 September 1999. (Accessed on: 4/4/01)Rice, Aaron. People of the Middle Ages The Middle Ages.8Dec. 1994(Accessed on: 4/4/01)Brown, Kevin (et al.) Occupations and Services Life in Elizabethan England. Spring 1998(Accessed on: 4/4/01)

Living on Campus vs. Living Off Campus free essay sample

You just graduated high school and now you are getting ready to head to college. Going away to college is the most exciting time for a newly graduated student. You are finally able to get away from home and be on your own. But in the process of applying for a college, you must decide whether to live on or off campus. Are you ready to really live on your own or do you want to experience the traditional college life? This decision is often very hard to make when considering the pros and cons of each. When living on campus or living off campus one must recognize the difference in the rules, the roommates, and the opportunities. Rules for living on campus may knock the campus life living cool points down a little bit. Campus living provided by the school always comes with what they call a â€Å"code of conduct†. We will write a custom essay sample on Living on Campus vs. Living Off Campus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is probably a very small book with rules and regulations that students living on campus must follow. For example, there might be a curfew which insists students to be in their bedroom by a certain time. Another example is the amount of guests you can have and if they are even allowed to stay overnight. Campus life has many more regulations on alcohol and drug abuse, the noise level after late hours and even monthly or weekly room expectations. It can sometimes feel like you still living at home. Campus life also has what they call a Resident Assistant or RA. This is a person or a few people who also live on campus and who are responsible for the building they are assigned to. They are the people you go to if there is conflict between you and someone else or any technical problems with the room you are in. They also assist in anything else that is concerning with their assigned building. The rules of living an off campus life might be a little more lenient. There are no RAs and the landlord may only ask you to follow a few rules but other than that you are on your own. For example, you can probably bet that you can bring whoever you want over and have them stay overnight. Another example is there are no room expectations and whatever you break you must get fixed. Living off campus can kind of be a little bit of a shock when you are just coming out of your parent’s house. You can see how the rules play a big part in your living situation. Roommates are usually the first main concern when living on or off campus. When you decide to live on campus you can expect living with people you may not know depending on how many room options they have. In my experience in living on campus, I was put into a four bedroom dorm with three other girls I did not know. In some occasions you can request someone you want to live with but the college informs you that it might not always be a guarantee that you are put with that person. So be prepared to accommodate to other people’s living styles. In living off campus, you can get an apartment with whoever you choose or by yourself. If you already have someone or some people in mind you can live with them or find someone or a group of people who are also looking to rent. The good thing about this is you can meet who you are living with beforehand to make moving in more comfortable. One similarity that roommates have both living off and on campus is that you still have to sit down with them and talk about how you are going to handle the common areas like the kitchen and living room. Are you going to allow everyone to clean their own mess in the kitchen and living room or take turns? Is the food being bought for everyone or just for the person who bought it? What are you going to do for the guests sleeping arrangements? These are questions that are very important to go over with your roommates whether living on or off campus. One of the reasons why living on campus is called campus life is because it is usually on campus or adjacent to campus and includes opportunities and activities you can get yourself into. You can also meet a lot of new people. Living on campus is being able to get involved in things that may just be for people who live on the campus. In my experience with living on campus, the college had many activities that only the people who lived on campus were allowed to be a part of. For example, campus life government was like student government but only concerning the campus life. The government set up activities and social events that were not open to the people living off campus. The disadvantage of off campus living is the travel you might have to make to campus all the time. Another disadvantage is not being where the â€Å"action† is. Since you do not live on campus you do not have as many chances to get involved in things. Living off campus sometimes can feel a little isolated from things that are going on campus. Personally, I believe living on campus is the best option for someone just starting college. It does not hurt to try a real college experience and get a feel for it. If you then do not like the circumstances you can always live off campus the next year. It is really important to make a wise decision on where you are going to be living and if it is the best fir for you.